Remote sensing, a not so recent concept, is used for extracting an image of a particular area by making use of physical and electro-magnetic properties of the object and then filtering out the data for image processing.
Science has helped in discovering many hidden aspects of matter and object to utilize the knowledge in a productive manner. From a macroscopic level of detailing the orientation of an object, its physical properties to microscopic level dealing with the molecular and electronic arrangement of object, everything is the detailed analysis of science.
To collect the information about any entity in universe, science or any of its application is the answer to the question. Different technologies and concepts have been drafted to assist individuals in gathering information. Remote Sensing is one of the extensions of collecting physical information using the electro-magnetic properties of matter from a distant location.
Remote sensing can be defined as the process of acquiring information of a matter using sensors which detects the Electro-magnetic radiations emerging from the surface of the targeted entity called as the Target. Remote Sensing has found its applications in various verticals, each having its own unique purpose. Some of the areas of application are:
Geology Agriculture Military purposes Weather Forecast etc.
Remote sensing can be classified into two categories depending upon the predominant source of electro-magnetic energy:
Passive remote Sensing: When the sensors of the remote sensing system recieve the energy from the target through an indirect source such as Sun, such type of sensing is called as Passive remote sensing. There is an indirect source of energy in passive remote sensing which energizes the target and then the target is able to illuminate itself for the remote sensing device. Active Remote Sensing: In the category of active remote sensing the sensing device itself projects an energy pulse on the target which is sensed by the sensors of remote sensing system on reflection. This helps remote sensing system in identifying the physical properties of the target.
Each category has an advantage of its own and can be used depending upon the requirement.
Remote sensing, as all of us know, is an integration of natural properties of an object with the computer science in order to gather the information about the surronding and the targeted object itself. The computer chips are attached to the sensors of the remote sensing device, which computes the related value of the electro-magnetic field and feeds into the image processing system.
The image processing system, based on some algorithm, reads the data from the computer chips and processes the image for the data to deliver the final output image. All these processes make use of computer software and codes, to map the relation between the binary data and actual image to conform the utility of data.
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